IP Geolocation Accuracy, Proven by Active Measurement
Registry records say one country; the network sometimes says another. We verify IP geolocation with ping, traceroute and BGP data, and show where other providers get it wrong.
1 of 4: 173.239.249.1, measured in the United States
Ecuador4,138 km90 km
IP address
173.239.249.1
Round trip from Dallas
0.9 ms
7 of 9 providers say
Ecuador
Ecuador ruled out
In 0.9 ms, light in fiber only gets about 90 km from Dallas and back.
IPGeolocation.io
United States
France1,244 km58 km
IP address
54.37.140.88
Round trip from Warsaw
0.58 ms
2 of 9 providers say
France
France ruled out
In 0.58 ms, light in fiber only gets about 58 km from Warsaw and back.
IPGeolocation.io
Poland
Malawi1,366 km60 km
IP address
137.64.16.1
Round trip from Johannesburg
0.6 ms
6 of 9 providers say
Malawi
Malawi ruled out
In 0.6 ms, light in fiber only gets about 60 km from Johannesburg and back.
IPGeolocation.io
South Africa
Belgium16,745 km111 km
IP address
81.201.80.103
Round trip from Sydney
1.11 ms
6 of 9 providers say
Belgium
Belgium ruled out
In 1.11 ms, light in fiber only gets about 111 km from Sydney and back.
IPGeolocation.io
Australia
IP geolocation accuracy, checked IP by IP
IPs from today's measurements where at least four IP data providers named a different country and our active measurement proved ours right. Each row shows what we measured, what they returned and the network evidence behind the call.
IPs compared
3.7B3,702,258,432IPv4 addresses
Last compared on
2026
Providers compared
9other IP geolocation providers
% Disputed
9.0%of compared IPs, where at least one provider disagrees
Opens in a new tab
IPs measured in Europe where at least four IP data providers returned a different country
Accurate pricing, local forms, and tax checkouts all rely on getting the country right.
Country
Region
City
Time zone
When the country is wrong, region, city and time zone can go wrong with it, and so can localization and analytics.
What a round trip proves
A ping crosses fiber at about 200 km per millisecond and has to come back, so each millisecond of round trip allows at most 100 km.
GermanyFranceBelgiumLuxembourg100 km200 kmServer
1 ms round tripWithin 100 kmOnly Germany
2 ms round tripWithin 200 km4 countries
If the circle stays inside one country, physics settles the country. If it crosses a border, one ping isn't enough: traceroute paths, BGP routing data and pings from other servers fill the gap.
The first test for any provider
When evaluating raw IP data, you must always start by checking the country field.
United States
Correct
Time zone
Currency
Language
Spain
Incorrect
Time zone
Currency
Language
If an IP is in the wrong country, the fields that depend on it can be wrong too, which makes country errors the quickest way to spot weak data.
Where IP geolocation accuracy starts
IP geolocation accuracy starts with the country. City-level location, region, time zone, currency, calling code and language all build on it, and so do tax, compliance and content-licensing rules. A wrong country can make every one of them wrong too.
It's also the quickest field to check from the outside, which makes it the clearest one to show here.
Everything lines up
Time zone
Currency
Language
Tax
Compliance
Active measurementPreferred
Country
Try IP Geolocation for yourself
See accurate location data in real time with our APIs.
How does active measurement prove an IP's location?
Every IP in today's list was measured by our Vantage Network rather than taken from registry records. Each measurement leaves evidence you can read: how fast the IP answered, which path the packets took and which network announces the address.
Global measurement points probe the IP and use latency to bound its possible location.
Measurement points around the world send probes and time every reply. Light in fiber covers about 200 km per millisecond, so each round trip draws a circle the IP cannot sit outside.
Ping the IP from Frankfurt:0.6 ms → within 60 km
Traceroutes reveal the network path and last known hop leading to the IP.
Traceroutes map the router hops between our vantage points and the IP. The hops nearest to it on the path show which networks carry its traffic, and we cross-check those clues against the round-trip times.
Read the IP's traceroute path:last hop edge-1.fra-de.example.net
BGP routing data shows which network currently announces the IP's prefix.
BGP data shows which network announces the IP's prefix right now. We process routing changes in real time, so a prefix that moves to a new network or a new country gets noticed.
Read BGP routing tables and announcements:announced by AS64500 (DE)
A location is confirmed when the measurements agree on it, for the country and for the city.
A location counts as confirmed only when consistent measurements agree on it, whether it's the country or the city. When they disagree with the registry, the network wins, and that is the location we return.
Combine the evidence:Frankfurt, Germany (confirmed)
Multilateration: pinning an IP to a city
Multilateration times one IP from many of our servers and finds the one place every answer agrees on. It's one of the layers in how our IP geolocation data is built.
Time becomes distance
A ping's round trip caps how far away the IP can be. Light in fiber covers about 200 km per millisecond, so a 1 ms round trip puts the IP within 100 km of the server.
Every reply draws a circle
The server sits at its center, and the IP is somewhere inside it.
The overlap is where the IP is
Circles from different directions cut the area down to the part they all share.
Closer servers draw tighter circles
Servers hundreds of kilometers away can only narrow the IP to a region. Servers tens of kilometers away narrow it to a city.
Narrowed to 11 km
7 far servers narrow one IP to a region within about 130 km. 5 servers inside that region narrow it to within 24 km, and 3 servers about 10 km away narrow it to Philadelphia, within 11 km.
Why do IP databases get the country wrong?
Country errors come from trusting paperwork over the network. These are the four patterns behind them.
Leased and transferred IPv4 blocks
With almost no new IPv4 space left to allocate, organizations buy, sell and lease address blocks across borders.
A lease often leaves the registry record as it was, and a sale can take a while to show up, so a database can keep the old country long after the block moved.
Routing and location changes
A hosting company registered in Amsterdam can run its servers in Berlin.
Registry data ties a range to the head office; active measurements tie it to where the servers are.
Prefixes that moved
When a prefix is announced from a network in another country, routing tables show the move right away.
Databases rebuilt from old registry records can keep the original country long after the move.
Stale geofeeds and records
Network operators publish geofeeds (RFC 8805) to declare where their ranges are, then forget to update them.
We test every feed against live measurements before we trust it.
Example for Leased and transferred IPv4 blocks: 203.0.113.0/24 IPv4 block. Registered to: Netherlands. Leased to: Germany. Registry record: Netherlands (still listed).
Registered toNetherlands
Registered companyAmsterdam
AS64501Netherlands
Declared locationNetherlands(from geofeed)
203.0.113.0/24IPv4 block
Leased toGermany
Hosted inBerlin
AS64500Germany
Measured locationGermany(from live network)
Registry recordNetherlands (still listed)
Registry recordAmsterdam (company HQ)
Registry recordNetherlands (not yet updated)
Registry recordNetherlands (stale)
Data center IP
Low latency
Hosts many services
Routing updatedNow announced fromAS64500
Live measurement
Round-trip time
Actual location: Germany
Registered toNetherlands
Registered companyAmsterdam
AS64501Netherlands
Declared locationNetherlands(from geofeed)
203.0.113.0/24IPv4 block
Leased toGermany
Hosted inBerlin
AS64500Germany
Measured locationGermany(from live network)
Registry recordNetherlands (still listed)
Registry recordAmsterdam (company HQ)
Registry recordNetherlands (not yet updated)
Registry recordNetherlands (stale)
What this page shows, and what it doesn't
The examples here are country level because that's where an error is plainest to see. All of our location data, city level included, runs through the same measurement pipeline.
Example IPs
A few IPs where providers report different countries than our measurement.
142.250.218.16CO
142.251.76.12ZA
159.124.96.5AU
Real IPs from today's list above.
Compare locations
We check where each IP data provider says the IP is located, and compare it to our measurement.
ProviderReported countryOur measurement
Provider AUSCOMismatch
Provider BCOCOMatch
Provider CBRCOMismatch
Each row stands on its own. We're looking for differences, not counting how often providers make them.
Examples highlight where errors happen
These IPs show where at least four IP data providers reported a different country than our measurement.
Query providers
Every day we check what other providers return for the same IPs.
Provider A
Provider B
Provider C
Every answer, by provider
Each row lists what each IP data provider returned for the IP, by name, next to our measurement.
Provider AUSDiffers from our measurement
Provider BCOMatches our measurement
Provider CBRDiffers from our measurement
Our measurementCO
Each row has its own evidence
Each row stands on its own: our measurement of the IP, next to what each provider returned.
193.251.128.203ESKept
62.115.204.35USKept
62.25.253.33JPKept
Ignore unclear IPs
Exclude IPs that do not answer probes.
192.0.2.1No responseExcluded
198.51.100.42No responseExcluded
203.0.113.7No responseExcluded
Remove edge cases
Leave out anycast addresses and border-straddling results.
192.0.2.17AnycastExcluded
198.51.100.77Border caseExcluded
203.0.113.33Border caseExcluded
What's left are IPs our measurements place inside a single country.
Keep clear results
Only rows with clear measurements make the list.
193.251.128.203ESKept
62.115.204.35USKept
62.25.253.33JPKept
User connects via VPN
The user's traffic goes through a VPN server in another location.
IP shows VPN server location
The IP appears where the VPN server is, and that is the correct answer for the IP.
203.0.113.12DE
User's own locationHidden behind the VPN
We detect the difference
Our VPN, proxy and relay detection identifies anonymized connections and tells them apart from regular users.
VPNDetected
ProxyNot detected
RelayNot detected
Report the IP
Send us an IP or location result that looks wrong.
We measure the IP again from our servers and compare.
We update if needed
If the location is incorrect, we review and update it.
203.0.113.5Location updatedConfirmed
Lookups return the new locationConfirmed
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